This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Research Data Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Jensen-Seaman, M. I. Articles by Jacob, H. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jensen-Seaman, M. I. Articles by Jacob, H. J. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Comparative Recombination Rates in the Rat, Mouse, and Human Genomes

^{1 1}Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA ² Bioinformatics Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA ³ Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA ⁴ Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California–Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA ⁵ Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California–Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA ⁶ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA ⁷ Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA

Levels of recombination vary among species, among chromosomes within species, and among regions within chromosomes in mammals. This heterogeneity may affect levels of diversity, efficiency of selection, and genome composition, as well as have practical consequences for the genetic mapping of traits. We compared the genetic maps to the genome sequence assemblies of rat, mouse, and human to estimate local recombination rates across these genomes. Humans have greater overall levels of recombination, as well as greater variance. In rat and mouse, the size of the chromosome and proximity to telomere have less effect on local recombination rate than in human. At the chromosome level, rat and mouse X chromosomes have the lowest recombination rates, whereas human chromosome X does not show the same pattern. In all species, local recombination rate is significantly correlated with several sequence variables, including GC%, CpG density, repetitive elements, and the neutral mutation rate, with some pronounced differences between species. Recombination rate in one species is not strongly correlated with the rate in another, when comparing homologous syntenic blocks of the genome. This comparative approach provides additional insight into the causes and consequences of genomic heterogeneity in recombination.

⁸ Corresponding author.
E-MAIL mseaman{at}mcw.edu; FAX (414) 456-6516.

[Supplemental material is available online at www.genome.org.]

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. Bullaughey, M. Przeworski, and G. Coop No effect of recombination on the efficacy of natural selection in primates Genome Res., April 1, 2008; 18(4): 544 - 554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. Borodin, T. V. Karamysheva, N. M. Belonogova, A. A. Torgasheva, N. B. Rubtsov, and J. B. Searle Recombination Map of the Common Shrew, Sorex araneus (Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) Genetics, February 1, 2008; 178(2): 621 - 632. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Goodstadt, A. Heger, C. Webber, and C. P. Ponting An analysis of the gene complement of a marsupial, Monodelphis domestica: Evolution of lineage-specific genes and giant chromosomes Genome Res., July 1, 2007; 17(7): 969 - 981. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Baines and B. Harr Reduced X-Linked Diversity in Derived Populations of House Mice Genetics, April 1, 2007; 175(4): 1911 - 1921. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. V. Kukekova, L. N. Trut, I. N. Oskina, J. L. Johnson, S. V. Temnykh, A. V. Kharlamova, D. V. Shepeleva, R. G. Gulievich, S. G. Shikhevich, A. S. Graphodatsky, et al. A meiotic linkage map of the silver fox, aligned and compared to the canine genome Genome Res., March 1, 2007; 17(3): 387 - 399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Beye, I. Gattermeier, M. Hasselmann, T. Gempe, M. Schioett, J. F. Baines, D. Schlipalius, F. Mougel, C. Emore, O. Rueppell, et al. Exceptionally high levels of recombination across the honey bee genome Genome Res., November 1, 2006; 16(11): 1339 - 1344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Harr Genomic islands of differentiation between house mouse subspecies Genome Res., June 1, 2006; 16(6): 730 - 737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Geraldes, N. Ferrand, and M. W. Nachman Contrasting Patterns of Introgression at X-Linked Loci Across the Hybrid Zone Between Subspecies of the European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Genetics, June 1, 2006; 173(2): 919 - 933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bacolla, J. R. Collins, B. Gold, N. Chuzhanova, M. Yi, R. M. Stephens, S. Stefanov, A. Olsh, J. P. Jakupciak, M. Dean, et al. Long homopurine*homopyrimidine sequences are characteristic of genes expressed in brain and the pseudoautosomal region. Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2006; 34(9): 2663 - 2675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Drouaud, C. Camilleri, P.-Y. Bourguignon, A. Canaguier, A. Berard, D. Vezon, S. Giancola, D. Brunel, V. Colot, B. Prum, et al. Variation in crossing-over rates across chromosome 4 of Arabidopsis thaliana reveals the presence of meiotic recombination "hot spots" Genome Res., January 1, 2006; 16(1): 106 - 114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Chen and H. Zhao Negative correlation between compositional symmetries and local recombination rates Bioinformatics, November 1, 2005; 21(21): 3951 - 3958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Smith, D. K. Kump, J. A. Walker, D. M. Parichy, and S. R. Voss A Comprehensive Expressed Sequence Tag Linkage Map for Tiger Salamander and Mexican Axolotl: Enabling Gene Mapping and Comparative Genomics in Ambystoma Genetics, November 1, 2005; 171(3): 1161 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. M. Weinreich The Rank Ordering of Genotypic Fitness Values Predicts Genetic Constraint on Natural Selection on Landscapes Lacking Sign Epistasis Genetics, November 1, 2005; 171(3): 1397 - 1405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Myers, L. Bottolo, C. Freeman, G. McVean, and P. Donnelly A Fine-Scale Map of Recombination Rates and Hotspots Across the Human Genome Science, October 14, 2005; 310(5746): 321 - 324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Hellmann, K. Prufer, H. Ji, M. C. Zody, S. Paabo, and S. E. Ptak Why do human diversity levels vary at a megabase scale? Genome Res., September 1, 2005; 15(9): 1222 - 1231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Benovoy, R. T. Morris, A. Morin, and G. Drouin Ectopic Gene Conversions Increase the G + C Content of Duplicated Yeast and Arabidopsis Genes Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2005; 22(9): 1865 - 1868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. Gaffney and P. D. Keightley The scale of mutational variation in the murid genome Genome Res., August 1, 2005; 15(8): 1086 - 1094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. T. Webster, N. G. C. Smith, L. Hultin-Rosenberg, P. F. Arndt, and H. Ellegren Male-Driven Biased Gene Conversion Governs the Evolution of Base Composition in Human Alu Repeats Mol. Biol. Evol., June 1, 2005; 22(6): 1468 - 1474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Axelsson, M. T. Webster, N. G.C. Smith, D. W. Burt, and H. Ellegren Comparison of the chicken and turkey genomes reveals a higher rate of nucleotide divergence on microchromosomes than macrochromosomes Genome Res., January 1, 2005; 15(1): 120 - 125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. G. Hwang and P. Green Inaugural Article: Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo sequence analysis reveals varying neutral substitution patterns in mammalian evolution PNAS, September 28, 2004; 101(39): 13994 - 14001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]