Published online before print
December 12, 2003, 10.1101/gr.1739204
Genome Res. 14:99-108, 2004
©2004 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; ISSN 1088-9051/04 $5.00
Letter
Whole-Genome Discovery of Transcription Factor Binding Sites by Network-Level Conservation
Moshe Pritsker1,
Yir-Chung Liu1,2,
Michael A. Beer1,2 and
Saeed Tavazoie1,2,3
1 Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
2 The Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
Comprehensive identification of DNA cis-regulatory elements is crucial for a predictive understanding of transcriptional network dynamics. Strong evidence suggests that these DNA sequence motifs are highly conserved between related species, reflecting strong selection on the network of regulatory interactions that underlie common cellular behavior. Here, we exploit a systems-level aspect of this conservationthe network-level topology of these interactionsto map transcription factor (TF) binding sites on a genomic scale. Using network-level conservation as a constraint, our algorithm finds 71% of known TF binding sites in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using only 12% of the sequence of a phylogenetic neighbor. Most of the novel predicted motifs show strong features of known TF binding sites, such as functional category and/or expression profile coherence of their corresponding genes. Network-level conservation should provide a powerful constraint for the systematic mapping of TF binding sites in the larger genomes of higher eukaryotes.
Article and publication are at http://www.genome.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gr.1739204. Article published online before print in December 2003.
3 Corresponding author. E-MAIL tavazoie{at}princeton.edu; FAX (609) 258-1701.
[Supplemental material is available online at www.genome.org.]

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