Vol 13, Issue 3, 428-442, March 2003
LETTER
Comparative Analysis of Superintegrons: Engineering Extensive Genetic Diversity in the Vibrionaceae
Dean A. Rowe-Magnus1,
Anne-Marie Guerout,
Latefa Biskri,
Philippe Bouige and
Didier Mazel2
Unité de Programmation Moléculaire et Toxicologie
GénétiqueCNRS URA 1444, Département de
Microbiologie Fondamentale et Médicale, Institut Pasteur, 75724,
Paris, France
Integrons are natural tools for bacterial evolution and innovation.
Their involvement in the capture and dissemination of
antibiotic-resistance genes among Gram-negative bacteria is well
documented. Recently, massive ancestral versions, the superintegrons
(SIs), were discovered in the genomes of diverse proteobacterial
species. SI gene cassettes with an identifiable activity encode
proteins related to simple adaptive functions, including resistance,
virulence, and metabolic activities, and their recruitment was
interpreted as providing the host with an adaptive advantage. Here, we
present extensive comparative analysis of SIs identified among the
Vibrionaceae. Each was at least 100 kb in size, reaffirming the
participation of SIs in the genome plasticity and heterogeneity of
these species. Phylogenetic and localization data supported the
sedentary nature of the functional integron platform and its
coevolution with the host genome. Conversely, comparative analysis of
the SI cassettes was indicative of both a wide range of origin for the
entrapped genes and of an active cassette assembly process in these
bacterial species. The signature attC sites of each species
displayed conserved structural characteristics indicating that symmetry
rather than sequence was important in the recognition of such a varied
collection of target recombination sequences by a single site-specific
recombinase. Our discovery of various addiction module cassettes within
each of the different SIs indicates a possible role for them in the
overall stability of large integron cassette
arrays.
[Supplemental material is available online at
www.genome.org. The sequence data from this study have been submitted
to GenBank under accession nos. listed in Table 1.]
1 Present address: Department of Microbiology, Sunnybrook &
Women's College Health Sciences Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M4N
3N5; and the Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
2 Corresponding author.
E-MAIL mazel{at}pasteur.fr; FAX 33 1 45 68 87 90.
Article and publication are at
http://www.genome.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/gr.617103.

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