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Vol. 12, Issue 9, 1357-1369, September 2002

LETTER
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Odorant-Binding Protein Gene Family in Drosophila melanogaster

Daria S. Hekmat-Scafe,1,6 Charles R. Scafe,3,5 Aimee J. McKinney,4 and Mark A. Tanouye1,2

1 Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Division of Insect Biology, and 2 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Neurobiology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; 3 Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA; 4 Biology Department, Mills College, Oakland, California 94613, USA

Olfaction is of considerable importance to many insects in behaviors critical for survival and reproduction, including location of food sources, selection of mates, recognition of colony con-specifics, and determination of oviposition sites. An ubiquitous, but poorly understood, component of the insect's olfactory system is a group of odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) that are present at high concentrations in the aqueous lymph surrounding the dendrites of olfactory receptor neurons. OBPs are believed to shuttle odorants from the environment to the underlying odorant receptors, for which they could potentially serve as odorant presenters. Here we show that the Drosophila genome carries 51 potential OBP genes, a number comparable to that of its odorant-receptor genes. We find that the majority (73%) of these OBP-like genes occur in clusters of as many as nine genes, in contrast to what has been observed for the Drosophila odorant-receptor genes. Two of the presumptive OBP gene clusters each carries an odorant-receptor gene. We also report an intriguing subfamily of 12 putative OBPs that share a unique C-terminal structure with three conserved cysteines and a conserved proline. Members of this subfamily have not previously been described for any insect. We have performed phylogenetic analyses of the OBP-related proteins in Drosophila as well as other insects, and we discuss the duplication and divergence of the genes for this large family.

[The sequence data from this study have been submitted to FlyBase. Annotations for these sequences are available as supplementary material at http://www.genome.org.]

5 Present address: Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA 94404, USA.

6 Corresponding author.

12:1357-1369 ©2002 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 1088-9051/02 $5.00
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