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Vol. 12, Issue 5, 689-700, May 2002
A Complete Sequence of the T. tengcongensis Genome
Qiyu
Bao,1,5
Yuqing
Tian,2,5
Wei
Li,3,5
Zuyuan
Xu,1
Zhenyu
Xuan,3
Songnian
Hu,1
Wei
Dong,1
Jian
Yang,3
Yanjiong
Chen,1
Yanfen
Xue,2
Yi
Xu,2
Xiaoqin
Lai,2
Li
Huang,2
Xiuzhu
Dong,2
Yanhe
Ma,2
Lunjiang
Ling,3
Huarong
Tan,2,6
Runsheng
Chen,3,6
Jian
Wang,1
Jun
Yu,1,4 and
Huanming
Yang1,6
1 Beijing Genomics Institute/Genomics and Bioinformatics
Center, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; 2 Institute
of Microbiology, CAS, Beijing 100080, China; 3 Institute of
Biophysics, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; 4 Genome Center,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis is a rod-shaped,
gram-negative, anaerobic eubacterium that was isolated from a
freshwater hot spring in Tengchong, China. Using a whole-genome-shotgun
method, we sequenced its 2,689,445-bp genome from an isolate,
MB4T (Genbank accession no. AE008691). The genome encodes
2588 predicted coding sequences (CDS). Among them, 1764 (68.2%) are classified according to homology to other documented proteins, and the
rest, 824 CDS (31.8%), are functionally unknown. One of the
interesting features of the T. tengcongensis genome is that 86.7% of its genes are encoded on the leading strand of DNA
replication. Based on protein sequence similarity, the T. tengcongensis genome is most similar to that of Bacillus
halodurans, a mesophilic eubacterium, among all fully sequenced
prokaryotic genomes up to date. Computational analysis on genes
involved in basic metabolic pathways supports the experimental
discovery that T. tengcongensis metabolizes sugars as
principal energy and carbon source and utilizes thiosulfate and element
sulfur, but not sulfate, as electron acceptors. T. tengcongensis, as a gram-negative rod by empirical definitions (such as staining), shares many genes that are characteristics of
gram-positive bacteria whereas it is missing molecular
components unique to gram-negative bacteria. A strong correlation
between the G + C content of tDNA and rDNA genes and the optimal
growth temperature is found among the sequenced thermophiles. It is
concluded that thermophiles are a biologically and phylogenetically
divergent group of prokaryotes that have converged to sustain extreme
environmental conditions over evolutionary timescale.
[Supplemental material is available online at
http://www.genome.org.]
5
These authors contributed equally to this work.
6
Corresponding authors.
12:689-700 ©2002 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press ISSN 1088-9051/02 $5.00

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