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Published online before print March 20, 2002, 10.1101/gr.210702. Article published online before print in March 2002
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Vol. 12, Issue 4, 595-601, April 2002

LETTER
Polymorphisms and the Differential Antiviral Activity of the Chicken Mx Gene

Jae-Hong Ko,1 Hee-Kyung Jin,1 Atsushi Asano,1 Ayato Takada,2 Ai Ninomiya,2 Hiroshi Kida,2 Hironao Hokiyama,3 Mutsuo Ohara,3 Masaoki Tsuzuki,4 Masahide Nishibori,4 Makoto Mizutani,5 and Tomomasa Watanabe1,6

1 Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and 2 Laboratory of Microbiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; 3 Hokkaido Livestock Experiment Station, Shintoku 081-0038, Japan; 4 Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8528, Japan; 5 Nippon Biological Science, Kobuchizawa 408-0041, Japan

The nucleotide sequence of chicken Mx cDNA was reported earlier using the White Leghorn breed in Germany, but it showed no enhanced resistance to viruses. In this study, the nucleotide sequences of chicken Mx cDNA were determined in many breeds. A total of 25 nucleotide substitutions, of which 14 were deduced to cause amino acid exchanges, were detected, suggesting that the chicken Mx gene is very polymorphic. Transfected cell clones expressing chicken Mx mRNA were established after the Mx cDNA was constructed with an expression vector and introduced into mouse 3T3 cells, and the Mx genes from some breeds were demonstrated to confer positive antiviral responses to influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus. On the basis of the comparison among the antiviral activities associated with many Mx variations, a specific amino acid substitution at position 631 (Ser to Asn) was considered to determine the antivirally positive or negative Mx gene. Thus, a single amino acid substitution influences the antiviral activity of Mx in domesticated chickens.

6 Corresponding author.

12:595-601 ©2002 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 1088-9051/02 $5.00
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