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Vol. 11, Issue 5, 863-874, May 2001

METHODS
Predicting Deleterious Amino Acid Substitutions

Pauline C. Ng,1,2 and Steven Henikoff1,3,4

1 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; 2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA; 3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA

Many missense substitutions are identified in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and large-scale random mutagenesis projects. Each amino acid substitution potentially affects protein function. We have constructed a tool that uses sequence homology to predict whether a substitution affects protein function. SIFT, which sorts intolerant from tolerant substitutions, classifies substitutions as tolerated or deleterious. A higher proportion of substitutions predicted to be deleterious by SIFT gives an affected phenotype than substitutions predicted to be deleterious by substitution scoring matrices in three test cases. Using SIFT before mutagenesis studies could reduce the number of functional assays required and yield a higher proportion of affected phenotypes. SIFT may be used to identify plausible disease candidates among the SNPs that cause missense substitutions.


4 Corresponding author.


11:863-874 ©2001 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 1088-9051/01 $5.00

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