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Vol. 11, Issue 3, 341-355, March 2001

REPORTS
Identification of Human Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC)-Encoded Genes by Subtractive Hybridization of Entire YACs to a Gridded Keratinocyte cDNA Library

Ingo Marenholz,1 Maja Zirra,1 David F. Fischer,2,4 Claude Backendorf,2 Andreas Ziegler,1,5 and Dietmar Mischke1,3

1 Institut für Immungenetik, Universitätsklinikum Charité der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14050 Berlin, Germany; 2 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands

The epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) comprises a large number of genes that are of crucial importance for the maturation of the human epidermis. So far, 27 genes of 3 related families encoding structural as well as regulatory proteins have been mapped within a 2-Mb region on chromosome 1q21. Here we report on the identification of 10 additional EDC genes by a powerful subtractive hybridization method using entire YACs (950_e_2 and 986_e_10) to screen a gridded human keratinocyte cDNA library. Localization of the detected cDNA clones has been established on a long-range restriction map covering more than 5 Mb of this genomic region. The genes encode cytoskeletal tropomyosin TM30nm (TPM3), HS1-binding protein Hax-1 (HAX1), RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR1), the 34/67-kD laminin receptor (LAMRL6), and the 26S proteasome subunit p31 (PSMD8L), as well as five hitherto uncharacterized proteins (NICE-1, NICE-2, NICE-3, NICE-4, and NICE-5). The nucleotide sequences and putative ORFs of the EDC genes identified here revealed no homology with any of the established EDC gene families. Whereas database searches revealed that NICE-3, NICE-4, and NICE-5 were expressed in many tissues, no EST or gene-specific sequence was found for NICE-2. Expression of NICE-1 was up-regulated in differentiated keratinocytes, pointing to its relevance for the terminal differentiation of the epidermis. The newly identified EDC genes are likely to provide further insights into epidermal differentiation and they are potential candidates to be involved in skin diseases and carcinogenesis that are associated with this region of chromosome 1. Moreover, the extended integrated map of the EDC, including the polymorphic sequence tag site (STS) markers D1S1664, D1S2346, and D1S305, will serve as a valuable tool for linkage analyses.

[The sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to EMBL under the accession nos. AJ243659-AJ243673.]

3 Deceased September 11, 1999.

4 Present address: Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

5 Corresponding author.

11:341-355 ©2001 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press  ISSN 1088-9051/01 $5.00
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